Working within analytic philosophy, my research in metaethics and action theory centers on normativity: what it means to say something ought to be done or ought to be a certain way, how mere formal normativity differs from genuine normativity, and how the binding force of norms motivates action. In pursuing these questions, I have worked carefully through related concepts—action, intention, rationality, reasons, responsibility, and blame. Going forward, I aim to explore the speciation of normativity: how normative domains—moral, ethical, legal, aesthetic, and prudential—diverge from and overlap with one another.