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[Object of the Workshop] 13:00-13:15 [Report 1] 13:20-14:00
[Report 3] 15:20-16:00
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On the one hand, official news agency like BBC or Aljazeera focused on speedy provision of accurate reports. They often link up with i-net (internet) service in parallel with satellite broadcasting. However, on the other, personal news sources like inestimable i-net sites and recently-developed SNSs (Social Network Services) also showed its nonnegligible role. Through such various contemporary media, the world had watched the Egyptian Revolution in January 2011, more than a wait-and-see attitude, with breathless interest. Because it broke forth just after unexpected Tunisian precedent “Jasmine Revolution”, the subsequent Egyptian case had kept world’s eye on its outcome. After a series of protest came to a peaceful resolution by the resignation of former president Hosni Mubarak, world’s focus turns to the succeeding regime building. Faced with continuous objection and turmoil with no end in sight, however, Interim Government cannot consolidate political ground until today, and as a result domestic uncertainty continues even now. In this thorny situation, which party from numerous groups can seize stable leadership withstanding ongoing confusion, nationalist or communist? Or rather, Islamist party might contribute to calm down the situation? How next governmental regime should be created under the authority of Supreme Council of the Armed Forces? Our workshop does not deal with these topics, even if it is one of the important issues obviously for today’s Egypt. Rather, our ambitious interest will be paid, more than anything else, to the point how we should recognize the process of last popular activities and how we must understand their involvement and contribution. Should we appreciate that it is revolution (thawra), changing the attitude of mind or way of thinking in Egyptian community? Or in fact, was it mere upheaval (inqilāb) or riot (fitna), resulted in regime-change temporally and superficially? Meanwhile what is the difference between these Arabic words from the point of Arabic-Islamic intellectual heritage (turāth)? In order to evaluate literally (maktūb) and orally (malfūz) expression of popular complaints and objections, we will employ linguistic and sociological approach. This main subject of workshop will also remind us immeasurable impact of recent IT technology. Popular complaints were not expressed at first during last year’s street demonstration. Forum site exchanging people’s voices on i-net have fostered potential pressure to the Mubarak regime, sometimes sharply and sometimes ironically. Disconsolate discontent against ex-regime and impotent rage of the people have gone around on SNS: not only the famous Facebook and Twitter but also posting column attached to news report. It is one of our goals to estimate a certain contribution of such prior atmosphere to the outbreak of poplar demonstration. Linguistic and sociological analysis will give us significant clue to understand Egyptian society in transition between past, present, and the future. |
経済的に排除され、デモやストライキが多発するようになった。Keshk報告では、昨年のエジプト革命をこうした背景から読み解きつつ、自立的な労働組合の組織化と農民の参加が、革命の今後を大きく左右するとも付け加えられた。その上で、革命でみられたスローガンや横断幕、ポスターなどに注目し、前政権を批判するウィットに富んだ事例が多く紹介されたために、大きな関心が引かれていた。 竹村報告では、革命の過程で、「アッラーの道のために戦い、殺された者たち」とされるシュハダーshuhadāʾの定義が拡大されていき、2012年のポートサイード・サッカー場の犠牲者さえもシュハダーとして扱われる状況が紹介された。 そのうえで、「シュハダー」を題材とした大衆歌謡5曲が紹介され、歌によって「シュハダー」を二人称で扱っているものや三人称で扱っているもの、また「シュハダー」の語そのものを用いていないものもあり、歌手によって「シュハダー」をどのようにとらえているのかに相違が見られる興味深い指摘がなされた。これに対して、「エジプト愛」が前面に出されている事情を考えるべきだろうという感想が寄せられた。 阿久津・ファトヒー報告(後者は報告欠席)では、革命波及とインターネット技術の関係の考察から入り、異議申し立てを行うという社会的な次元では、イスラーム的な価値観がどう関係しているかが重要だと指摘した。一例として、Keshk報告と同様のさまざまな異議申し立て表現を類型化するなかで、Keshk報告ではサジュウ体の表現が注目される一方で、サジュウ以外の素朴なリズム(イーカーウ)が等閑視されたことをあげて、巫術的(前イスラーム的アラブ)要素とイスラーム的(コーラン)要素を併せ持つサジュウへの態度の相違にこそ、アラブ・イスラーム的伝統をみいだすべきだと説明された。さらには各種NGO活動にもイスラーム的な伝統を読み解くべきだとの指摘も補足されたが、より詳細な事例を取り上げて慎重に検討すべきだとの指摘を受けた。 |