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The fourth Anglo-Japanese Conference of Historians (AJC) was held 10-12 September 2003 at the International Community House in the beautiful surroundings of historic Kyoto. The Proceedings were edited and published within several weeks after the conference. The papers in the Proceedings are fully footnoted and incorporate some revisions and additions as made necessary by discussions at the conference.

Revised 28 April 2004

State and Empire in British History:
Proceedings of the Fourth Anglo-Japanese Conference of Historians,
ed. Kazuhiko Kondo (Tokyo, 2003), vi + 250 pp.

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FOREWORD

The following pages contain the proceedings of the fourth Anglo-Japanese Conference of Historians (AJC) held 10-12 September 2003 at the International Community House in the beautiful surroundings of historic Kyoto.

The AJC was conceived by Professor Patrick O’Brien and Professor James Ugawa in the early 1990s as mentioned in the introductory addresses. The first conference took place at the Institute of Historical Research, London, in September 1994, under a general theme, Japanese Perceptions of British History, 1066 to Date. More than ninety historians participated, and it proved to be a great success. Since then the AJC has become an important triennial occasion held alternately in the two countries on either side of the Eurasian Continent: the second in Tokyo in 1997, the third in London in 2000.

The history of the AJC has not been without some difficulties: geographical distance, finance, language and perhaps culture. But the cooperation of good British friends facilitated preparations for the fourth AJC, and the Japanese organizing committee was confident of bright prospects for the conference by the time the programme had been decided. It followed the tradition of holding several plenary sessions ranging from the medieval period to the twentieth century, and took State and Empire in British History as a general theme. The theme was not imposed from above at the start but it emerged as a spontaneous crystallization from various ideas and discussions for the sessions.

Six plenary sessions were organized with eight keynote speakers, all invited from the UK. Each keynote paper was matched with a few shorter papers or commentaries by Japanese historians, before discussion was opened to the floor. Each session was steered with wisdom by a chairperson each of whom is a member of the organizing committee. The conference began on Wednesday morning, 10^th September with the opening addresses of two distinguished historians, one from each country: O’Brien san, the founding father of this international conference, a former director of the Institute of Historical Research in London and now professor of Global History at LSE, and Kawakita san, vice-president of Osaka University. But before they were introduced, a silent prayer was offered for Professor Toshio Sakata of Keio University. Sakata san was an outstanding historian of early modern English towns and was among the organizing committee of the AJC from its birth in 1994 until his tragic death in October 2002.

The Conference followed the programme as advertised except for the special lecture of Professor Penelope Corfield on Thursday evening. It was cancelled because of her illness, but Corfield san sent her best wishes to the conference saying she would be thinking of us all. After the three-day excitement of scholarly and friendly exchanges, the plenary conference ended on Friday afternoon, the 12^th, with closing remarks by Professors David Bates and Kazuhiko Kondo. Some of the audience came from several parts of the British Isles, Korea and other parts of the Pacific, and the rest from all parts of the Japanese Archipelago. The final tally of participants amounted to 107. On Saturday, 13^th the conference divided into several seminars/workshops held in different parts of Japan.

The papers published in these proceedings incorporate some revisions and additions as made necessary by discussions at the conference. The editor has made minimal, technical modifications to the manuscripts submitted, but the ultimate merit of and responsibility for each paper lies with its author. The editorship was assisted by the cooperation of Professor Anthony Jenkins and Ms Satomi Ohashi.

The conference was supported financially by the Japan Foundation, the Ministry of Education and Science via Osaka University of Foreign Studies, and Interface Humanities: The 21^st Century COE Programme of Osaka University. The publication of the proceedings is supported by the Grant-in-Aid of the Japan Society for the Promotion of Sciences (JSPS). Many thanks to them all. This being said, I have to emphasize that the success of the conference was not realized through money alone. It was supported, of course, by the full exploitation of email and Internet facilities. But, the last and foremost element of its success lies in friendship. This fruitful conference was realized through profiting much from the international camaraderie which has been built up over decades between the historians of the UK and Japan, and friendship between the west and east of this country.

This synergic conference was well worth the efforts we had made. However, we will not be content with the present but will look proactively toward the future: the future of historical studies in the two countries, and future historical exchanges between the two countries. The AJC is and will be the epicentre.

Kazuhiko KONDO, chairman of the committee

The committee members:

Shigeru AKITA (Osaka University of Foreign Studies) ShigeruAkita@aol.com

Yasushi AOKI (Rikkyo University) yaoki@rikkyo.ne.jp

Keizo ASAJI (Kansai University) asajik@ipcku.kansai-u.ac.jp

Harumi GOTO-SHIBATA (Chiba University) harumigs@faculty.chiba-u.jp

Minoru KAWAKITA (Osaka University) kawakita@let.osaka-u.ac.jp

Yoichi KIBATA (University of Tokyo) kibata@waka.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Kazuhiko KONDO (University of Tokyo) kondo@l.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Toshio KUSAMITSU (University of Tokyo) toshio@boz.c.u-tokyo.ac.jp

Takao MATSUMURA (Keio University)

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CONTENTS

Foreword by Kazuhiko Kondo （近藤和彦・東京大学）

Opening Addresses by Patrick O'Brien (LSE) & Minoru Kawakita (川北　稔・大阪大学)

Session 1 Anglo-Norman Realm chaired by Keizo Asaji （朝治啓三・関西大学)

David Bates (University of Glasgow)

　　Writing a New Biography of William the Conqueror

Respondents: Kenji Yoshitake （吉武憲司・慶応大学） & Hiroshi Takayama （高山 博・東京大学）

Session 2 Seventeenth-Century Britain chaired by Kazuhiko Kondo

John Morrill (University of Cambridge)

Rethinking Revolution in Seventeenth-century Britain

Respondents: Minoru Kawakita, Rie Tomita （富田理恵・東海女子大学）& Shunsuke Katsuta （勝田俊輔・岐阜大学）

Session 3 The Long Eighteenth Century chaired by Yasushi Aoki （青木　康・立教大学） 　

Joanna Innes (University of Oxford)

　 Parliament and the Reshaping of English Social Policy 1780-1830

Respondents: Shin Matsuzono （松園　伸・早稲田大学）, Chikashi Sakashita （坂下 史・東京女子大学） & Akio Kawashima （川島昭夫・京都大学）

Session 4 Social and Political Thought chaired by Toshio Kusamitsu （草光俊雄・東京大学）

Gareth Stedman Jones (University of Cambridge)

Millennium and Enlightenment: Robert Owen and the Second Coming of the Truth

Respondents: Chushichi Tsuzuki （都築忠七・一橋大学名誉教授） & Masaaki Mitsunaga （光永雅明・神戸市外国語大学）

Session 5 The State and Welfare in the Twentieth Century chaired by Takao Matsumura （松村高夫・慶応義塾大学）

Pat Thane (University of London)

　After the Vote was Won: Women and the State in Britain since 1918

Martin Daunton (University of Cambridge)

　The British State and the Global Economy, c.1870-1951

　　　　 Respondents: Nobuko Okuda （奥田伸子・名古屋市立大学） & Shinichi Takagami （高神信一・大阪産業大学）

Session 6 Imperial History: New Perspectives

Part I: Chaired by Shigeru Akita （秋田　茂・大阪外国語大学）

Andrew Porter (King's College London)

Religion and Empire: British Missions since c.1750

Respondents: Takao Fujikawa （藤川隆男・大阪大学） & Yoko Namikawa （並河葉子・神戸市外国語大学）

Part II: Chaired by Yoichi Kibata （木畑洋一・東京大学）

Judith Brown (University of Oxford)

British Society and Decolonisation: Adjusting to the End of Empire

Respondent: Yumiko Hamai （浜井祐三子・北海道大学）

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